Anielka is a Polish diminutive of the name Aniela, which is cognate with the Greek-derived name Angela. The name Aniela gained popularity in the 18th century, largely due to the influence of the Ursulines. Anielka, as a diminutive, carries a similar meaning but is often used in a more affectionate or informal context. The name has also seen a rise in popularity in Nicaragua, although the connection to its Polish origins remains unclear.