Aurelianus is a Roman cognomen originally derived from the Roman family name Aurelius. It signifies a connection to the Aurelius family, which was prominent in Roman history. The name is most famously associated with Lucius Domitius Aurelianus, a 3rd-century Roman emperor who played a crucial role in reconquering the breakaway Gallic and Palmyrene Empires, thereby restoring the unity of the Roman Empire.