The name Cornelius is of Roman origin, derived from the Latin element 'cornu', meaning 'horn'. Historically, it was a family name that gained prominence through notable figures such as Cornelius the Centurion, who is mentioned in the New Testament as the first gentile convert to Christianity. The name has been borne by several saints and a 3rd-century pope, contributing to its religious significance. It became popular in England during the 16th century, influenced by Dutch culture.